A novel study on the degradation of styphnic acid from water by cold plasma technology
Abstract
Cold plasma technology exhibits many advantages in practical application. Due to these reasons the use of cold plasma technology for environmental treatment is receiving great attention. Here a novel study on the degradation of styphnic acid from water by cold plasma technology has been presented in detail, such as establishment of cold plasma reactor structure, determination of efficiency in degradation of styphnic acid by cold plasma radiation under different experimental conditions. The obtained results have shown that cold plasma might be used for degrade styphnic acid with high efficiency.
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Introduction
Styphnic acid (TNR) or 2,4,6 trintro-1,3 benzenediol with formulaC6H3N3O8 is used in manufacturing dyes, pigments, inks, medicines, explosives (led styphnate) [1]. Styphnic acid is one of aromatic nitro compounds, with synonyms: 2,4,6- trinitroresorcine, 2,4,6- trinitroresorcinol ranging from slight to strong oxidizing agents. It may explode in the presence of a base such as NaOH or KOH even in the presence of water or organic solvents. So that this compound is always kept away from heat, sparks and avoided from mechanical shock [2]. Styphnic acid can cause eye, skin and being harmful if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin. It is also toxic for blood, kidney and nervous system, causing cancer and aquatic life [3]. Like aromatic nitro compounds, the styphnic acid contaminated water may be treated by many methods such as physical, chemical [4].
In recent years, plasma plays an important role in variety of industrial applications. including material processing, environmental treatment and many more. There are increasing interests in the plasma discharges in liquids because of its potential applications for various fields like biological, environmental, and medical technologies. In this paper a novel study on the degradation of TNR from water using cold (non thermal) plasma technology was presented. The chief aim of study is to degrade TNR from plant wastewater resulting from the manufacture of lead styphnate to avoid explosive hazard. Plasma is an ionized gas that is the fourth state of matter after solid, liquid and gas. Plasma technology has been studied and applied for wastewater treatment in recent years, involving many advantages compared with chlorination, ozonation and UV.
Conclusion
In this paper a novel study of cold plasma technology was presented. The use of cold plasma discharge for degradation of TNR from water was studied in detail. The main factors such as the reaction time, pH, TNR initial concentration, H2O2 and electric power influencing on the plasma resulting in and on TNR degradation efficiency were determined. By cold plasma, the TNR degradation efficiency might reach 100% for 120 min, when the initial TNR concentration is 61.72 mg/L.