Effect of Chinese Green Tea on Glumerular Filtration Function of Albino Rats Treated with Gentamicin
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) results from reduction in glumerular filtration rate (GFR) causing the passage of little or no urine. This study investigated the effects of Chinese green tea on glumerular filtrate functions of albino rats treated with gentamicin in view to evaluate its nephroprotective effect. Animals were procured from the animal house of Veterinary Medicine Department University of Nigeria Nsukka. The rats were transported to Biochemistry laboratory, acclimatize for 7 days and randomly assigned into five groups. The rats were fed with commercially prepared pellets (vital feed) and watered ad libitum throughout the duration of the study. Nephrotocity was induced with gentamicin at 80mg/kg for 7 consecutive days with co-administration of camellia sinensis extract. Blood samples were drawn from rats in each groups and were analyzed for biochemical parameters. Results obtained are; from urea (13.08-6.12mg/dl), creatinine (70.08-42.25mg/dl), cystatin C (0.084-0.027mg/dl) and GFR (2.20-1.30ml/mins). Findings reveal that Gentamicin induces nephrotoxicity through induction of oxidative stress and generation of Reactive Oxygen species (ROS). Nephrotoxicity is an acute kidney injury marked by induced GFR and serum accumulation of urea, creatinine and cystatin C. Camellia sinensis contains powerful antioxidants catechins which counters the oxidant effect of gentamicin, thereby ameliorating its nephrotoxicity. Therefore crude extract of Camellia sinnesis has nephro-protective effect and ability to maintain a relatively normal GFR.
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Introduction
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a condition where kidney's glumerular filtration rate (GFR) is reduced and as a result, there is little quantity of urine passed out, this condition is known as oliguria (Schrier et al., 2014). When the glumerulus at the Bowman's capsule is tempered, its filtration function is impaired. This reduced GFR leads to accumulation of certain nitrogenous substances within the body which alters the osmolalic concentration of the blood leading to inflammation (oedoma) which is seen as a common symptom of kidney problem (Mizota et al., 2017).
There are various causes of AKI which include infectious diseases, drugs, heavy metals and other toxicants. Some infections, such as septicemia and acute pyelonephritis, can directly injure ones kidneys. Drugs that cause acute kidney injuries include aminoglycoside family, this is a family of antibiotics whose members include streptomycin, clindamicin, gentamicin etc. (Bellomo et al., 2014).
Conclusion
Gentamicin induces nephrotoxicity through induction of oxidative stress and generation of Reactive Oxygen species (ROS). Nephrotoxicity is an acute kidney injury marked by induced GFR and serum accumulation of urea, creatinine and cystatin C as a result of reduced GFR. Camellia sinnesis contains powerful antioxidants catechins which counters the oxidant effect of gentamicin, thereby ameliorating its nephrotoxicity. We therefore conclude that crude extract of Camellia sinensis has nephroprotective effect and ability to maintain a relatively normal GFR.