Hamilton’s Principle and Energy Profitability

The accumulated experimental database in the field of research of metal interface kinetics does not allow to use it to the full extent to create a database, for example, on tribotechnical characteristics and wear. The experimental data given in different sources differ from each other. On the one hand, this can be explained by some differences in the modes and technologies of obtaining the surface, as well as the conditions of their testing, and on the other hand by the lack of scientifically sound fundamental principles and, as a consequence, measurement parameters. The fragmentation of fundamental research directions and purely practical approach to solve applied and immediate problems, unfortunately, does not allow to concentrate efforts on classification and systematization of data in the fields of metallophysics, tribochemistry, condensed state physics and nanomaterial science. The obtained results of plastic deformation studies are often controversial and sometimes contradictory. The current state of the problem of studying the surface kinetics of metals and the creation, including nanomaterials is characterized as a transitional period between the accumulation of experimental data and their interpretation in the categories of mechanics, physics, chemistry and the development of generalizing invariants and regularities that do not depend on the modes, conditions and technologies of their production [1, 2].

The lack of a systematic approach leads to the fact that the problem of contact interaction of surfaces of different materials in terms of optimal selection to improve their wear resistance has not yet been solved. Experimenters, unfortunately, do not take into account the large-scale factor of external influence, for example, load-velocity parameters on the surface of materials. Obtaining a momentary and quick “positive” result of research puts the experimenter in the limited conditions of hard, not soft impact on the material. As a result, as a rule, many processes (heat conduction, diffusion, mass transfer, hardening, amorphization, fracture, etc.) occur simultaneously and we cannot divide a complex process into composite and simpler ones. It is this systematic and thorough approach that allows researchers to divide a complex process into simple processes and establish the course of the dominant process in their diversity and, as a consequence, to identify and establish the main fundamental regularities describing this simple process. The level of understanding of the problem by the author of this article is fully consistent with the works and statements of R. Feyman, V.D. Kuznetsov and I.V. Kragelsky [3–5] and others. The most common fatigue [6], energy [7] and lobe [8] theories do not consider the kinetics of layer-by-layer hardening and fracture of the surface layer of metals in detail, taking into account all (nano, micro, meso and macro) structural and scale levels of deformation. The mechanisms of fragmentation and relaxation channels of strain energy accumulated in the surface layers of conjugated materials are not fully understood.