Study on fabrication and Characterization of NANO iron and Nano Iron on Carrier
Abstract
Gasification of biomass fabricating syngas fuels has contributed to expand the applicability of solid biomass fuel. But the by-product tar of the gasification has largely limited the effectiveness. However, gasification Fe- catalyst has been recognized as a good factor reducing the tar and increasing the gas quality. The paper studies the fabrication of separated nano iron and carrier attached nano iron regarding to a catalytic application during the biomass gasification. The applied technique of the fabrication includes pyrolysis and mechanical milling. Character of the products, as structures and particle dimension, has been examined. The suitable fabrication condition has been considered.
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Introduction
Biomass energy is renewable, estimated to provide 10% to 14% of energy needs. Gasification, pyrolysis of biomass is an emerging technology research in the world to bring about the development of sustainable clean energy systems, reduce dependence on fossil fuels [1-6]. However, the biomass gasification is not only useful, but also has some unwanted byproducts. Among them, the tar is considered to be one of the most pressing issues in any gasification system. High concentrations of tar may cause damage or lead to destruction of turbine and engines.
Tars may be removed by using catalysts [1-5]. Catalytic methods can be classified as restructuring, cracking, hydrogenation and oxidation selectivity. To increase energy efficiency, tar removal process should perform in the temperature range from 350 ° C to 700 ° C. Mechanism of reaction decomposing tar was studied, for example, by Simell et al. [1], using toluene as an ingredient of tar in hot air. A series of decomposition reactions of tar have been proposed, generally similar to the process of cracking. Recently iron catalyst to attract the attention of many researchers [7]. The most attractive iron catalytic material has been fabricated using nano technology, including thermal reduction in H2 atmosphere and mechanical milling. In addition, iron powder studied in this paper in general is strong reducer applicable for many fields, especially for remediation of contaminated water and soil with persistent organic pollutants [8 – 10], and also for fabrication of oxygen scavenger [11].
Conclusion
Nano iron with and without a carrier have been manufactured by means of high-temperature hydrogen reduction and milling technique. Samples obtained have average particle size of about <100 nm, have high purity of 98%, single phase, the surface area of over 58 separate m2/g, accordance BET. The nano iron product has also attached to the grating carriers by electrochemical precipitated methods in the solution containing Fe2+ ion and Ni2+ respectively. The chemical composition of the deposited layer can be adjusted by increasing the time or the current density for the Ni precipitation.
The article was completed with the support of the IES – VAST